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Sign-and Goal-tracking

Individuals differ in what they learn from experiences. Neurobiologically, this relates to whether individuals tend to engage the dopaminergic midbrain (as the signtrackers ST in the figure), or the cortex.

Schad et al., 2020, Nature Human Behaviour

Antidepressant discontinuation

Those who discontinue antidepressants often suffer a relapse of their depression. Those individuals who are more likely to relapse show particular patterns of decision-making and this is predictive of who will suffer a relapse.

Berwian et al., 2020 JAMA Psychiatry

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How thoughts determine decisions

What we think of can have profound influences on the choices we ultimately make. However, this process is poorly understood at a neural level. Here, we use MEG decoding to examine which stimulus representations are activated while making a risky choice. We find that individual differences in the tendency to reactivate certain types of information relate to individual risk seeking preferences.

Russek et al., 2021: Selective outcome reinstatement during evaluation drives heuristics in risky choice psyArxiv

A computational account of anhedonia

Anhedonia is a clinical symptom of depression and many other illnesses, and refers to an inability to enjoy and be motivated by previously enjoyable experiences. Here we provide a new computational account of anhedonia which explains how anhednia relates to beliefs.

Huys and Browning, 2021, psyArxiv: A Computational View on the Nature of Reward and Value in Anhedonia